{"id":29998,"date":"2025-07-02T21:22:35","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T21:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/?p=29998"},"modified":"2025-07-02T21:22:50","modified_gmt":"2025-07-02T21:22:50","slug":"afet-ve-acil-durum-onlemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/07\/02\/afet-ve-acil-durum-onlemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"AFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/div>\n
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Deprem, Orman Yang\u0131n\u0131, Su Bask\u0131n\u0131, Sel, \u00c7\u0131\u011f, Kurakl\u0131k gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir co\u011frafyada ya\u015famaktay\u0131z. \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemlenmekte, bu durum can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle Afet ve Acil Durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00f6nlem almak ve mevcut tedbirleri geli\u015ftirmek bir zorunluluktur. \u00dclkemizde afet y\u00f6netiminden sorumlu ana kurum Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019d\u0131r (AFAD). AFAD; itfaiye, UMKE, K\u0131z\u0131lay, JAK, PAK ve di\u011fer g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc kurulu\u015flarla koordineli \u015fekilde afet y\u00f6netimi organizasyonunu ve lojisti\u011fini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famada de\u011ferlendirilebilir: Afet \u00f6ncesi, afet s\u0131ras\u0131 ve afet sonras\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131da, her \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fama detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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1. Afet \u00d6ncesi Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar:<\/div>\n
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Afet \u00f6ncesi haz\u0131rl\u0131klar, afetle m\u00fccadelede en kritik a\u015famad\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler, ya\u015fanabilecek can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirir. Bu kapsamda e\u011fitimler, tatbikatlar, yerle\u015fim yerlerinin se\u00e7imi, zemin et\u00fcd\u00fc, yap\u0131 kalitesi ve al\u0131nacak bireysel \u00f6nlemler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Her konutta, i\u015f yerinde, okulda, hastanede, yurtta, otelde ve sanayi tesisinde mutlaka bir afet plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131; afet dolab\u0131 ve afet \u00e7antas\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu haz\u0131rl\u0131klar sayesinde afet an\u0131nda panik ve karma\u015fa ya\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilir. Kurumlar aras\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi, e\u011fitimler ve tatbikatlar bu s\u00fcrecin temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Marmara \u00dcniversitesi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen \u00ab\u00a0Sivil Strateji\u00a0\u00bb sempozyumlar\u0131 gibi faaliyetlerin t\u00fcm topluma yay\u0131lmas\u0131, afet bilincinin erken ya\u015fta, anaokulundan itibaren kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Afet \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131lacak haz\u0131rl\u0131klar, hem afet an\u0131ndaki hem de sonras\u0131ndaki olumsuzluklar\u0131 azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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\u00dclkemizde Ulusal Afet M\u00fcdahale Plan\u0131 (TAMP) ve \u0130l Risk Azaltma Plan\u0131 (\u0130RAP) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olsa da B\u00f6lgesel Afet Plan\u0131 (BAP) ve Mevsimsel Afet Plan\u0131 (MAP) hen\u00fcz uygulamaya konulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 6 \u015eubat depremlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7ok ili etkileyen afetlerde organizasyon eksiklikleri ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131 kurulmal\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel tatbikatlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/div>\n
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2. Afet S\u0131ras\u0131 Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar:<\/div>\n
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Afet s\u0131ras\u0131nda, afet \u00f6ncesinde haz\u0131rlanan plan, \u00e7anta ve dolaplar\u0131n so\u011fukkanl\u0131l\u0131kla uygulanmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Deprem an\u0131nda \u00ab\u00a0\u00c7\u00f6k-Kapan-Tutun\u00a0\u00bb y\u00f6ntemiyle ya\u015fam \u00fc\u00e7geni olu\u015fturmak, ilk olarak bireysel can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak gereklidir. Yang\u0131n gibi di\u011fer afet t\u00fcrlerinde ise ilk m\u00fcdahalenin vakit kaybetmeden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz eder.<\/div>\n
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Ki\u015fisel g\u00fcvenli\u011fimizi sa\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7evremizdeki di\u011fer afetzedelere yard\u0131m etmek, afet an\u0131nda toplum dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Ancak bu s\u00fcrecin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncesinde yeterli bilin\u00e7lendirme ve haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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3. Afet Sonras\u0131 Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar:<\/div>\n
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Afet sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle ilk 72 saat kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bireylerin kendi ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 idame ettirmesi ve \u00e7evrelerine yard\u0131m edebilecek d\u00fczeyde haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda daha \u00f6nce haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f afet planlar\u0131, afet \u00e7antas\u0131 ve dolab\u0131, al\u0131nan e\u011fitimler ve bilin\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devreye girmelidir.<\/div>\n
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Afetler sonras\u0131nda haberle\u015fme altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kebilece\u011fi, ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n aksayabilece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak, bu ilk 72 saat boyunca bireylerin mevcut imkanlarla hareket etmesi gereklidir.<\/div>\n
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\u00dclkemizde farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 afet riskleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/div>\n
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Karadeniz sahil \u015feridinde heyelan ve sel bask\u0131nlar\u0131,<\/div>\n
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Do\u011fu Anadolu’da \u00e7\u0131\u011f felaketleri,<\/div>\n
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Ege ve Akdeniz’de orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131,<\/div>\n
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\u0130\u00e7 Anadolu’da kurakl\u0131k ve su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131…<\/div>\n
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Bu nedenle, b\u00f6lgesel afet planlamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zel tatbikatlar uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Afet sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanabilecek panik ve ya\u011fma olaylar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131; vatanda\u015flar bilin\u00e7lendirilmelidir. Devletimiz sahra \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131, hastaneler, konteyner kentler kurarak halk\u0131n yaralar\u0131n\u0131 sarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te vatanda\u015flar\u0131n bilin\u00e7li ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket etmesi, m\u00fcdahalenin etkinli\u011fini art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Sonu\u00e7 ve \u00d6neriler<\/div>\n
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1. Afet ve acil durumlarda can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klar s\u00fcrekli hale getirilmeli ve yeni stratejiler geli\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/div>\n
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2. B\u00f6lgesel Afet Plan\u0131 (BAP) ve Mevsimsel Afet Plan\u0131 (MAP) haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131 ve uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle yaz aylar\u0131nda Ege ve Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kast\u0131 olarak orman yakanlar i\u00e7in cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kanunlar \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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3. Afet e\u011fitimi, anaokulundan itibaren ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131, bu bilin\u00e7 \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu devam etmelidir.<\/div>\n
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4. Ya\u015fan\u0131lan konut ve i\u015fyerlerinde tehlike av\u0131 ve risk analizi yap\u0131lmal\u0131; gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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5. Her binada Afet Acil Durum Plan\u0131, Afet Ekipleri, Afet Dolab\u0131, Yang\u0131n Dolab\u0131 ve Afet \u00c7antas\u0131 haz\u0131r bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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6. Sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131, g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgelere yay\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Marmara B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde olas\u0131 bir deprem, \u00fclke ekonomisini ciddi \u015fekilde etkileyebilir. Bu y\u00fczden yeni yerle\u015fim ve sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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7. Fay hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunan yerle\u015fim yerleri kademeli olarak tahliye edilmeli, yeni ve g\u00fcvenli yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Alternatif ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 belirlenerek afet m\u00fcdahale s\u00fcreci g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmelidir. Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar s\u00fcrekli hale getirilmelidir.<\/div>\n
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\u015eener Mengene<\/div>\n
Afet Acil Durum Uzman\u0131 \u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-Yazar<\/div>\n
Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc | Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/div>\n
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\u015eener Mengene\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0AVRUPAPRESS<\/strong><\/div>\n
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AFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 Giri\u015f Deprem, Orman Yang\u0131n\u0131, Su Bask\u0131n\u0131, Sel, \u00c7\u0131\u011f, Kurakl\u0131k gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir co\u011frafyada ya\u015famaktay\u0131z. \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemlenmekte, bu durum can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle Afet ve Acil Durumlara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":29999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,16,3,17,18,15,19,2,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-belcika","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-kultur-sanat","category-spor","category-tanitim","category-turkiye","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nAFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 - AvrupaPress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/07\/02\/afet-ve-acil-durum-onlemleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 - AvrupaPress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"AFET VE AC\u0130L DURUM \u00d6NLEMLER\u0130 Giri\u015f Deprem, Orman Yang\u0131n\u0131, Su Bask\u0131n\u0131, Sel, \u00c7\u0131\u011f, Kurakl\u0131k gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir co\u011frafyada ya\u015famaktay\u0131z. \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda Afet ve Acil Durumlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemlenmekte, bu durum can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. 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