{"id":29053,"date":"2025-04-18T21:47:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T21:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/?p=29053"},"modified":"2025-12-21T00:05:37","modified_gmt":"2025-12-21T00:05:37","slug":"mirastan-mal-kacirma-muris-muvazaasi-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/04\/18\/mirastan-mal-kacirma-muris-muvazaasi-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Mirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle miras\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filere intikal edecek ki\u015fiye muris denilmektedir. \u0130rade ile irade beyan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve bilerek ve isteyerek yarat\u0131lan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa muvazaa denir. Burada taraflar\u0131n iradeleri ile beyanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda fark olmas\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l sebebi, taraflar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekte yapmak istemedikleri bir i\u015flemi yapm\u0131\u015f gibi veya yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bir i\u015flemi oldu\u011fundan farkl\u0131 g\u00f6stererek \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fileri aldatmakt\u0131r. Muvazaa mutlak ve nispi olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Mutlak Muvazaa, ger\u00e7ekte yapma niyetinde olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015flemi yap\u0131yormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterirler. Mutlak muvazaa olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in muvazaah i\u015flem, muvazaa anla\u015fmas\u0131 ve aldatma kast\u0131 olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 unsura ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Nispi Muvazaa da ger\u00e7ekte ba\u015fka bir i\u015flem yapmak istemelerine ra\u011fmen, 3. Ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer bir i\u015flemi yap\u0131yor gibi davran\u0131rlar. Nispi muvazaada, muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem, muvazaa anla\u015fmas\u0131 ve aldatma kast\u0131r\u0131n yan\u0131nda gizli i\u015flem unsuruna da ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7eri\u011finin belirlenmesinde ve yorumlanmas\u0131nda, taraflar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla veya ger\u00e7ek ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gizlemek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, ger\u00e7ek ve ortak iradeleri esas al\u0131n\u0131r. Uygulamada ve \u00f6\u011fretide muris muvazaas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan muvazaa, niteli\u011fi itibariyle bir nispi muvazaa t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
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Nispi muvazaada, miras b\u0131rakan ger\u00e7ekten s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmak ve tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131 devretmek istemektedir. Ancak, miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 miras hakk\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in esas amac\u0131n\u0131 gizleyerek, ger\u00e7ekte ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak istedi\u011fi tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131, tapuda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fmede iradesini sat\u0131\u015f veya \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi do\u011frultusunda a\u00e7\u0131klamak suretiyle devretmektedir.<\/div>\n
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Uygulamada s\u0131kl\u0131kla rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rnekler taraflar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapmalar\u0131 ancak gizli i\u015flem olarak ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama iradesinin olmas\u0131 veya g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki i\u015flem ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama iken ger\u00e7ekte sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n nedeni \u00f6nal\u0131m hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck har\u00e7 \u00f6demek i\u00e7in bu gibi hileli yollara ba\u015fvurulmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131na g\u00f6re; Muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr. Gizlenen i\u015flem ise kanuni \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131na uygun ise ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/div>\n
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Taraflar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte istemedikleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki i\u015flem olan nispi muvazaah i\u015flem, kesin olarak h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr. Bunun nedeni de \u015f\u00f6yledir; TBK madde 19 gere\u011fince bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in taraflar\u0131n ortak iradelerinin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. Ancak burada ger\u00e7ek irade olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem kesin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr. Gizli i\u015flem ise taraflar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek iradelerine uygun oldu\u011fundan gizli i\u015flem kanun koyucunun arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na uygunsa ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131n\u0131n Konusu Nedir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u00c7o\u011funlukla uygulamada g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz muvazaa \u00f6rnekleri:<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Baba veya annenin \u00e7ocuklardan birine ev, araba, arsa vs ta\u015f\u0131nmaz devretmesi<\/div>\n
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*Baban\u0131n\/Annenin ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceki ya da sonraki evlili\u011finden olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na satmas\u0131 veya devretmesi<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Uygulamada en \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rneklerden biri de baban\u0131n k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rarak erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na mallar\u0131 devretmesi vs gibi i\u015flemler muris muvazaas\u0131 davas\u0131n\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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\u00d6rne\u011fin baz\u0131 durumlarda baba, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmak i\u00e7in mallar\u0131 devretmek yerine erkek \u00e7ocu\u011funa nakit vererek onun ta\u015f\u0131nmaz almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu durumda muvazaaya dayal\u0131 tapu iptal davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baba mallar\u0131 devretmedi\u011finden ortada iptal edilecek tapu yoktur. Ancak bu gibi hallerde k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar, erkek karde\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 sakl\u0131 pay haklar\u0131 zedelendi\u011finden tenkis davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 Davas\u0131n\u0131n Hukuki Niteli\u011fi:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Davan\u0131n hukuksal dayana\u011f\u0131 yerle\u015fmi\u015f Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda ve 01.04.1974 tarih, 1\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Karar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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*G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek iradelerine<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Gizli ba\u011f\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi de MK’nin 706, TBK’nin 213 ve Tapu Kanunun 26. Maddelerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekil ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ersizdir.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Sakl\u0131 pay sahibi olsun veya olmas\u0131n miras hakk\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnenen t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Dava a\u00e7an miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n miras pay\u0131 kadar tapu iptal ve tescili sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Muvazaa iddias\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc delille ispatlanabilir. \u00d6zellikle uygulamada bu davalarda tan\u0131k delilinin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Ancak hat\u0131rlatmak isteriz ki tan\u0131k i\u00e7in g\u00f6rg\u00fc tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Muvazaa davas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde tenkis talebi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek terditli olarak dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar muris muvazaas\u0131 davas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde tenkis talebini de ileri s\u00fcrebilirler.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin muvazaa nedeni ile ge\u00e7ersizli\u011finin tespitini ve buna dayan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulan \u00e7ap kayd\u0131n\u0131n iptalini isteyebilirler.<\/div>\n
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*Bu davalar miras\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kendi miras pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda ya da tereke ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Miras\u00e7\u0131lardan yaln\u0131z biri kendi miras pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda muris muvazaa davas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Bu durumda tapunun muvazaa nedeniyle iptali ile hissesine d\u00fc\u015fen k\u0131sm\u0131n ad\u0131na tescilini isteyebilir. E\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn iptalini isteniyorsa t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar davaya dahil edilmelidir.<\/div>\n
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*E\u011fer tereke ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa taraf te\u015fkili sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Miras b\u0131rakan \u00f6lmeden bu davalar a\u00e7\u0131lamaz.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Tenkis ve muris muvazaas\u0131 davalar\u0131 miras b\u0131rakan \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 Davas\u0131nda Ispat:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Bu t\u00fcr uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, adil ve do\u011fru bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131rabilmesi, daval\u0131ya yap\u0131lan temlikin ger\u00e7ek y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer bir s\u00f6yle\u015fiyle miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n as\u0131l irade ve amac\u0131n\u0131n duraksamaya yer b\u0131rakmayacak bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bir i\u00e7 sorun olan ve gizlenen ger\u00e7ek irade ve amac\u0131n tespiti ve ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 genellikle zor oldu\u011fundan bu y\u00f6ndeki delillerin eksiksiz toplan\u0131lmas\u0131 yar\u0131nda birlikte ve do\u011fru \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmesi de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131 davas\u0131 ispatlanmas\u0131 kolay olmayan dava t\u00fcrlerinden bir tanesidir.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n kabul etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 emareler muvazaa oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Bunlar:<\/div>\n
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*\u00d6l\u00fcmden k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce i\u015flem yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Hasta, ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunanlar\u0131n bask\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koyamamalar\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na g\u00f6re toplumda daha \u00fcst\u00fcn tutulmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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*\u0130kinci veya son e\u015f fakt\u00f6r\u00fc<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Miras b\u0131rakan ikinci kez evlendiyse ona yap\u0131lan kazand\u0131rmalar<\/div>\n
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*Zay\u0131f durumda olan miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmesi gibi nedenlerle muvazaal\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muvazaan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilirken birtak\u0131m kriterlere bak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n belirledi\u011fi bu kriterler:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Miras B\u0131rakan\u0131n Ger\u00e7ek \u0130radesinin Ortaya Konulabilmesi \u0130\u00e7in<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0\u00dclke ve y\u00f6renin gelenek ve g\u00f6renekleri<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Toplumsal e\u011filimler<\/div>\n
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*Olaylar\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi yapmakta hakl\u0131 ve makul bir nedeninin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/div>\n
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*Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n satma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6deme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Sat\u0131\u015f bedeli ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme tarihindeki ger\u00e7ek de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki fark<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Taraflar ile miras b\u0131rakan aras\u0131ndaki be\u015feri ili\u015fki (murisle daval\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre birlikte oturmalar\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre ona bakmas\u0131) gibi olgulardan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131nda zorunluluk vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131nda Davan\u0131n Reddi Gerektiren Durumlar Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stisnalar\u0131:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n belirledi\u011fi baz\u0131 durumlarda muvazaa olmayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
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Bunlar;<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Elden ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0denkle\u015ftirmeye tabi ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Evlilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumunda yap\u0131lan i\u015flemler<\/div>\n
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*Kadastro tespiti s\u0131ras\u0131nda murisin irade beyan\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Murisin evlat edinmesine kar\u015f\u0131, miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n muvazaa iddias\u0131 dinlenmez.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Murisin bor\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 i\u015flem yapmas\u0131 gibi durumlar muris muvazaas\u0131n\u0131n istisnalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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*Miras b\u0131rakan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hak dengesini g\u00f6zeten kabul edilebilir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 kapsar bi\u00e7imde bir payla\u015ft\u0131rma yapm\u0131\u015fsa, bu durumda murisin mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmak kast\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011finden b\u00f6yle bir olayda 1.4.1974 tarih 1\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Karar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanamaz ve dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile muris muvazaas\u0131 davas\u0131 redde mahkum olur.<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Muris ger\u00e7ekte bedelini bizzat \u00f6deyip \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiden sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131, mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla tapu siciline yarar sa\u011flamak istedi\u011fi ki\u015fi (daval\u0131) ad\u0131na kaydettirmesi halinde 01.04.1974 tarih, 1\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay IBK uygulama yeri bulmaz. 01.04.1974 tarih, 1\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay IBK, konusu ve sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc itibariyle, murisin kendi \u00fczerindeki tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 temliki i\u015flemler i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 Davas\u0131 Ne Zaman A\u00e7\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131nda dava hakk\u0131 miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile do\u011far. Hakk\u0131 zedelenen miras\u00e7\u0131lar muvazaa iddias\u0131nda dayanarak Tapu Sicilinin D\u00fczeltilmesi (TMK 1025) davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/div>\n
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Sakl\u0131 pay sahibi olsun veya olmas\u0131n t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar bu davay\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Davac\u0131 mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n halefi olarak de\u011fil miras<\/strong><\/div>\n
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hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnenmesinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc zarara u\u011frayan ki\u015fi olarak ve kendi miras hakk\u0131na dayanarak dava a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Daval\u0131 ise muvazaa ile temlik edilen ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 devralan ki\u015fi veya onun miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ya da k\u00f6t\u00fcniyetli olarak yolsuz tescili ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131 iddias\u0131na dayanan davalar, terekeye kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan haks\u0131z fiil niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan herhangi bir zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcreye tabi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n her zaman dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcreye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n her zaman a\u00e7\u0131labilece\u011fi kural\u0131n\u0131n istisnas\u0131 miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n kadastro tespitinden \u00f6nce \u00f6lmesi halidir. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn kadastro tespitinden \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde miras\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lacak davan\u0131n kadastro tespitinin kesinle\u015fmesi tarihinden itibaren 3402 say\u0131l\u0131 Kadastro Kanununun 12\/3. Maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur. Aksi halde, davan\u0131n hal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcre ge\u00e7ti\u011finden reddi gerekir.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 Davas\u0131nda G\u00f6revli Ve Yetkili Mahkeme Nedir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesidir. Yetkili mahkeme ise ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi yetkilidir. Davaya konu olan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar birden fazla ise ta\u015f\u0131nmalardan birinin bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesinde a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Muris muvazaas\u0131 ile tenkis birlikte a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa yetkili mahkeme yine ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi olacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 Davas\u0131nda Ecrimisil Talep Edilebilir Mi?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muris muvazaas\u0131nda ecrimisil istenebilir.<\/strong><\/div>\n
Bunu ikiye ay\u0131rarak incelememiz gerekir. Davah iyiniyetli ise; tapu sicili d\u00fczeltilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n ecrimisil kesinle\u015fti\u011fi tarihten itibaren, dava tarihine kadar ecrimisil istenir.<\/div>\n
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Daval\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcniyetli oldu\u011fu durumda ise murisin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak ecrimisilin talep edildi\u011fi dava tarihine kadar ecrimisil istenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ecrimisil istemleri, talep edilen dava tarihinden geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/strong> zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na tabidir.<\/div>\n
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Muris Muvazaas\u0131 ile Tenkis Birlikte \u0130stenebilir Mi?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Muvazaa davas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde tenkis talebi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek terditli olarak dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar muris muvazaas\u0131 davas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde tenkis talebini de ileri s\u00fcrebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftik.<\/div>\n
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\u00d6ncelikle tenkisin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapmak gerekirse tenkis kelime anlam\u0131 olarak tenkis eksiltme, azaltma anlam\u0131na gelir. Tenkis Davas\u0131: Tenkis davas\u0131, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n tasarruf \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015farak sakl\u0131 pay sahibi miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n miras hakk\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn giderilmesi ve miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tasarrufun kanuni s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7erisine \u00e7ekilmesi i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan bir davad\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Tenkis davas\u0131 miras hukukuna ili\u015fkin bir dava olup murisin (miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n) \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc halinde a\u00e7\u0131labilen bir davad\u0131r. Muris sa\u011f iken bu davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Tenkis davas\u0131, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n baz\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar aleyhine mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma i\u015flemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a etkili bir hukuk davas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Tenkis davas\u0131nda tapu iptali yerine fazla al\u0131nan\u0131n paran\u0131n iadesi istenir. Tenkis davas\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca sak\u0131 pay\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar a\u00e7abilir. Sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 sayacak olursak; altsoy, es, anne ve babad\u0131r. Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimse tenkis davas\u0131 a\u00e7amaz.<\/div>\n
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TMK 565. Maddesinde tenkise tabi kazand\u0131rmalar ifade edilmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kazand\u0131rmalar, \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruflar gibi tenkise tabidir:<\/div>\n
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Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden yasal miras\u00e7\u0131ya miras pay\u0131na mahsuben yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu sa\u011flar aras\u0131 kazand\u0131rmalar, geri verilmemek kayd\u0131yla altsoyuna malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devri veya bor\u00e7tan kurtarma yoluyla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazand\u0131rmalar ya da al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda verilen \u00e7eyiz ve kurulu\u015f sermayesi,<\/div>\n
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Miras haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmden \u00f6nce tasfiyesi maksad\u0131yla yap\u0131lan kazand\u0131rmalar,<\/div>\n
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Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n serbest\u00e7e d\u00f6nme hakk\u0131n\u0131 sak\u0131 tutarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde adet \u00fczere verilen hediyeler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar,<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n sakl\u0131 pay kurallar\u0131n\u0131 etkisiz k\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k olan kazand\u0131rmalar.<\/div>\n
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Tenkis davas\u0131, sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n paylar\u0131n\u0131n zedelendi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finden itibaren 1 y\u0131l<\/strong> i\u00e7inde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla birlikte herhalde miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tarihinden itibaren 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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Tenkis davas\u0131nda mahkeme resen delil toplar. Tenkis davalar\u0131nda murisin t\u00fcm malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanmal\u0131 ve ona g\u00f6re hesap yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden de davan\u0131n her a\u015famas\u0131nda murisin yeni ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n\u0131 davaya dahil edilebilir. Tenkis hesab\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken murisin temlik i\u00e7i ve temlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 terekesi hesaba kat\u0131l\u0131r. Terekenin \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi itibariyle de\u011feri ve \u00f6zellikleri belirtilir. Buna g\u00f6re murisin t\u00fcm malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptan\u0131r, bor\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra net tereke bulunur. Net tereke i\u00e7inde sakl\u0131 paya ihlaller olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilir.<\/div>\n
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Tenkise Tabi Olmayan Haller Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Yarg\u0131tay baz\u0131 hallerde tenkis davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131\u0131\u0131\u0131 kabule etmi\u015ftir. Bunlar;<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n mali s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 nedeniyle mah de\u011ferinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir fiyata satmas\u0131<\/div>\n
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Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n minnet borcunu \u00f6demesi ya da onu iyi bir i\u015fe te\u015fvik amac\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sat\u0131\u015ftaki de\u011fer fark\u0131<\/div>\n
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\u00ab\u00a0\u00d6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde katlan\u0131lmas\u0131 ondan istenemeyecek kadar k\u00fclfet ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde e\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde bak\u0131m a\u011f\u0131r ve k\u00fclfetli ise e\u015fler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi tenkise tabi olmaz.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Avukat\u00a0 Ceren Yan\u0131k\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0AVRUPAPRESS<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir? \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle miras\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filere intikal edecek ki\u015fiye muris denilmektedir. \u0130rade ile irade beyan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve bilerek ve isteyerek yarat\u0131lan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa muvazaa denir. Burada taraflar\u0131n iradeleri ile beyanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda fark olmas\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l sebebi, taraflar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekte yapmak istemedikleri bir i\u015flemi yapm\u0131\u015f gibi veya yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bir i\u015flemi oldu\u011fundan farkl\u0131 g\u00f6stererek \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":29054,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,16,3,17,18,15,19,2,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-belcika","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-kultur-sanat","category-spor","category-tanitim","category-turkiye","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nMirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir? - AvrupaPress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/04\/18\/mirastan-mal-kacirma-muris-muvazaasi-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir? - AvrupaPress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mirastan Mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma (Muris Muvazaas\u0131) Nedir? \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle miras\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filere intikal edecek ki\u015fiye muris denilmektedir. \u0130rade ile irade beyan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve bilerek ve isteyerek yarat\u0131lan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa muvazaa denir. 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