{"id":28937,"date":"2025-04-07T18:15:48","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T18:15:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/?p=28937"},"modified":"2025-04-07T18:15:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T18:15:58","slug":"28937","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/04\/07\/28937\/","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"

Bir Vasiyetin \u00d6tesinde: Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u00dczerine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131n bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi varsa, o da bir g\u00fcn sona erece\u011fidir. Ancak biz insanlar, bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonu kontrol alt\u0131na alma \u00e7abam\u0131zla, ard\u0131m\u0131zda b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131na dair d\u00fczenlemeler yapma ihtiyac\u0131 hissederiz. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada miras hukuku devreye girer. Vasiyetnamelerle s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z; ama pek az\u0131m\u0131z miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ne oldu\u011funa ve ne gibi \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgi sahibidir. Oysa T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenen miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, baz\u0131 durumlarda vasiyetten \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir.<\/p>\n

Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, miras b\u0131rakan ile bir veya birden fazla ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan, ilerideki miras payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen ve taraflara hak ve bor\u00e7 y\u00fckleyebilen bir \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruf t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/strong> Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile miras\u00e7\u0131 atanabilir, belirli mallar belirli ki\u015filere b\u0131rak\u0131labilir ya da mirastan feragat gibi d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131labilir. Ancak bu t\u00fcr bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 kurallara uyulmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Noter \u00d6n\u00fcnde Yap\u0131lmal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 545. maddesi, miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in kesin bir \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr: S\u00f6zle\u015fme,resmi \u015fekilde <\/strong>yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yani bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme noter huzurunda d\u00fczenlenmeli,<\/strong>noter taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lmal\u0131 ve hem miras b\u0131rakan hem de s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraf\u0131 olan ki\u015fi(ler) ile noter huzurunda imzalanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tan\u0131klar\u0131n da bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. \u015eekil \u015fart\u0131na uyulmamas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi sonucunu do\u011furur.<\/p>\n

Herkes Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Yapamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in taraflar\u0131n hukuki ehliyete sahip olmalar\u0131 gerekir. Miras b\u0131rakan ki\u015finin, ay\u0131rt etme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olmas\u0131 ve re\u015fit olmas\u0131 (18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f olmas\u0131)<\/strong>gerekir. Di\u011fer taraf\u0131n ise ay\u0131rt etme g\u00fcc\u00fc yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, her iki taraf\u0131n da iradelerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcrce olu\u015ftu\u011funun \u015f\u00fcphe g\u00f6t\u00fcrmemesi esast\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Altsoyun Miras Hakk\u0131n\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak M\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/strong><\/p>\n

En \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve uygulamada dikkat \u00e7eken konulardan biri, miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle alt soyun mirastan d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.amada dikkat \u00e7eken konulardan biri, miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle alt soyun mirastan d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nda alt soy (\u00e7ocuklar, torunlar) zorunlu miras\u00e7\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n sakl\u0131 paylar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden tasarruflar tenkis davas\u0131na<\/strong><\/p>\n

konu olabilir.<\/p>\n

Ancak \u015fu durumlarda alt soyun miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir:<\/p>\n

1. Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile mirastan feragat:<\/strong>Alt soy ile yap\u0131lan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile ki\u015fi, miras hakk\u0131ndan tamamen veya k\u0131smen feragat edebilir. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme de noter huzurunda ve resmi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Feragat halinde alt soyun, mirastan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tenkis davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 da ortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n

2. Mirastan yoksunluk (\u0131skat):<\/strong>Kanunda say\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sebepler varsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin, miras b\u0131rakana veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r bir su\u00e7 i\u015flenmi\u015fse), mahkeme karar\u0131yla alt soyun miras hakk\u0131 tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

3. Tasarruf s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na uyulmas\u0131:<\/strong> E\u011fer yap\u0131lan miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, alt soyun sakl\u0131 pay\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyecek \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenirse, yine bir sorun \u00e7\u0131kmaz. Ancak uygulamada bu, ciddi hesaplamalar gerektirir.<\/p>\n

Pratikte Neden Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesine Ba\u015fvurulur?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f aile i\u00e7i anla\u015fmalar\u0131n resmiyet kazanmas\u0131,<\/strong><\/p>\n

gelecekteki olas\u0131 ihtilaflar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi ve malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n planl\u0131 \u015fekilde devri i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurulan etkili bir hukuki ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Vasiyetnameye k\u0131yasla daha ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r; zira miras b\u0131rakan, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle ba\u011fl\u0131 hale gelir ve tek tarafl\u0131 olarak geri d\u00f6nemez (s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte).<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca:<\/p>\n

\u00b7 \u0130kinci evliliklerde<\/strong> \u00e7ocuklar ve e\u015fler aras\u0131nda denge sa\u011flamak,<\/p>\n

\u00b7 \u0130\u015fletmelerin<\/strong>(\u00f6rne\u011fin aile \u015firketlerinin) mirasla da\u011f\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nlem almak,<\/p>\n

\u00b7<\/strong> Belirli bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden belirlenmesi,<\/p>\n

\u00b7<\/strong> Miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mal devri yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi durumlarda miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi tercih edilir.<\/p>\n

Tenkis Davas\u0131ndan Korunmak \u0130\u00e7in Neler Yap\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tenkis davas\u0131, sakl\u0131 payl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lara tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir koruma mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak miras b\u0131rakan ki\u015fi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6nlemleri alarak bu riskten b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korunabilir:<\/p>\n

\u00b7 Mirastan feragat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

ile alt soyun haklar\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u00b7<\/strong> Sakl\u0131 paya tecav\u00fcz etmeyecek \u015fekilde tasarrufta bulunulabilir. Yani miras\u0131n yaln\u0131zca sakl\u0131 pay d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fczerinden tasarruf yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00b7<\/strong> S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 tasarruflarda, kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 ve noter huzurunda i\u015flemler yap\u0131lmas\u0131, olas\u0131 davalar\u0131n dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Son S\u00f6z<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, yaln\u0131zca bir \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruf de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda gelece\u011fe dair stratejik bir pland\u0131r. Bu plan\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na, taraflar\u0131n ehliyetine ve \u00f6zellikle miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n sakl\u0131 paylar\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir. Hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar, iyi niyetli bile olsa, ileride b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtilaflara yol a\u00e7abilir. Miras\u0131 sadece kime b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z de\u011fil, nas\u0131l b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Avukat Arabulucu Merve Hilal \u00c7\u0131rkan\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0AVRUPAPRESS<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bir Vasiyetin \u00d6tesinde: Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u00dczerine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler Hayat\u0131n bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi varsa, o da bir g\u00fcn sona erece\u011fidir. Ancak biz insanlar, bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonu kontrol alt\u0131na alma \u00e7abam\u0131zla, ard\u0131m\u0131zda b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131na dair d\u00fczenlemeler yapma ihtiyac\u0131 hissederiz. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada miras hukuku devreye girer. Vasiyetnamelerle s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z; ama pek az\u0131m\u0131z miras s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ne oldu\u011funa ve ne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":28940,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,16,3,17,18,15,19,2,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-belcika","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-kultur-sanat","category-spor","category-tanitim","category-turkiye","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n- AvrupaPress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2025\/04\/07\/28937\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"- AvrupaPress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bir Vasiyetin \u00d6tesinde: Miras S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u00dczerine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler Hayat\u0131n bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi varsa, o da bir g\u00fcn sona erece\u011fidir. Ancak biz insanlar, bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonu kontrol alt\u0131na alma \u00e7abam\u0131zla, ard\u0131m\u0131zda b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131na dair d\u00fczenlemeler yapma ihtiyac\u0131 hissederiz. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada miras hukuku devreye girer. 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