{"id":22288,"date":"2023-03-26T19:29:50","date_gmt":"2023-03-26T19:29:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/?p=22288"},"modified":"2023-03-28T15:31:55","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T15:31:55","slug":"hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/","title":{"rendered":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR – 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uzm. Hem\u015fire Mehtap Tekin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dahili ve Acil Bilimler Hem\u015fireli\u011fi,<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Medipol \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Anabilim Dal\u0131, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\nAnkara Escort<\/a>
\nEryaman Escort<\/a>
\nKayseri Escort<\/a>
\n\u00c7ankaya Escort<\/a>
\nK\u0131z\u0131lay Escort<\/a>\n<\/div>\n

Hak Kavram\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumunun G\u00fcncel T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019\u00fcne g\u00f6re hak kelimesinin anlam\u0131 \u2018adalet\u2019, \u2018davada veya iddiada ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluk, do\u011fruluk\u2019, \u2018verilmi\u015f emekten do\u011fan manevi yetki\u2019, \u2018pay\u2019, \u2018emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccret\u2019, \u2018do\u011fru, ger\u00e7ek\u2019 ve \u2018adaletin, hukukun gerektirdi\u011fi veya birine ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, kazan\u00e7\u2019 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir. 1<\/p>\n

Hak kavram\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r; \u2018Hakk\u0131m\u0131 istiyorum (pay).\u2019, \u2018Hakk\u0131m olan bu de\u011fil! (emek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccret).\u2019, \u2018Hak ile bat\u0131l bir arada olmaz! (do\u011fru, ger\u00e7ek)\u2019, \u2018\u0130adesini istemek bizim hakk\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r (adaletin, hukukun gerektirdi\u011fi veya birine ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, kazan\u00e7).\u2019, \u2018Ana hakk\u0131 \u00f6denmez (verilmi\u015f emekten do\u011fan manevi yetki).\u2019, \u2018Bahsetti\u011fin konuda hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 var (dava veya iddiada ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluk, do\u011fruluk).\u2019, \u2018Hak yerini bulmal\u0131d\u0131r (adalet).\u2019 Hak kelimesinin farkl\u0131 anlamlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rnek verilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u2018Hak do\u011frunun yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.\u2019 c\u00fcmlesinde ise hak kavram\u0131, \u2018Allah (c.c.)\u2019 isminin yerine kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2 G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki s\u00f6z konusu kavram farkl\u0131 anlamlar\u0131yla, ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla yerini alm\u0131\u015f olan bir s\u00f6zc\u00fckt\u00fcr zira hak kavram\u0131 bilinci, ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n belki de hemen her an\u0131na dahil edilmeden \u2013 nedenlerini birazdan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z – toplumda g\u00fcvenli ve huzurlu bir ya\u015famdan daha da \u00f6tesi, bir var olmadan, s\u00f6z edilemeyecektir.<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131zda hak kavram\u0131, bir hukuk terimi olarak kullan\u0131lacak ve a\u00e7\u0131klanacakt\u0131r. G\u00fcncel tan\u0131m\u0131yla hak, hukukun korudu\u011fu, s\u00f6z konusu korumadan da hakk\u0131n sahibine yararlanma yetkisi tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 menfaat olarak ifade edilmektedir. 3 Hak kavram\u0131, hukukun temelinde yer al\u0131r, \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndand\u0131r ve varl\u0131k sebeplerinden birisidir. Hak, hukukun ki\u015filer i\u00e7in belirledi\u011fi, \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7izdi\u011fi bir s\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131r ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha sonra ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hukuk sistemi, ilgili s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 korumad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi gerekti\u011finde de buna do\u011frudan engel olur, m\u00fcsaade etmez, bazen de hakk\u0131n sahibi ki\u015finin talebi sonucu, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u00fcdahalede bulunur ve gere\u011fini yerine getirir.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar \u2018ki\u015filer i\u00e7in belirledi\u011fi\u2026\u2019 \u015feklinde ifade edilse de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde – bizim de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f – hayvan haklar\u0131 konusu da dile getirilmekte ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 4 \u00c7evremizdeki insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer canl\u0131lar daha da \u00f6tesi cans\u0131z varl\u0131klar da mevcuttur ve mevcudiyetleri sebebiyle en az\u0131ndan zarar g\u00f6rmemeleri gerekir. Hemen her konuda oldu\u011fu gibi, elbette bu konuda da istisna durumlar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir. \u015eimdilik bu kadar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmekle yetinelim, konuya \u00f6zg\u00fc olarak akademik alanda ba\u015fkaca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z da olacakt\u0131r. \u0130lgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda kullan\u0131lacak olan \u2018hak\u2019 ibaresine, geni\u015f\u00e7e yer verilecektir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu s\u0131n\u0131rlarda haddin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 (hak ihlali) \u2013 yine, hukukun belirledi\u011fi di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131n da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u2013 kural olarak, bir haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na neden olur. B\u00f6ylelikle adalet dengesi bozulur ve bozulan bu dengeden etkilenen toplumun yap\u0131ta\u015f\u0131 olan bireyin dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kamunun, huzur ve g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in yeniden eski haline getirilmesi veya telafi edilmesine y\u00f6nelik eylemlerde bulunulmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130\u015fte burada uzla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa, ilerleyen konularda ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yarg\u0131 sistemi devreye girer. Hukukun belirledi\u011fi \u2018di\u011fer unsurlar\u2019 ayr\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131kta, ayr\u0131ca belirtilecektir.<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

4271 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 32. maddesine g\u00f6re, \u00f6l\u00fcm tehlikesi i\u00e7inde kaybolan veya kendisinden uzun zamandan beri haber al\u0131namayan bir kimsenin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda kuvvetli olas\u0131l\u0131k varsa, haklar\u0131 bu \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin e\u015finin, \u00e7ocu\u011funun) ba\u015fvurusu \u00fczerine mahkeme, ba\u015f\u0131na ilgili haller gelen ki\u015finin gaipli\u011fine karar verebilir. 5 S\u00f6z konusu \u00f6rnekte hukuk, gaipli\u011fine karar verilecek ki\u015finin e\u015fine, \u00e7ocu\u011funa veya di\u011fer ilgililere bir hak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve ilgili hakk\u0131 elde etmeleri i\u00e7in kendilerine, yararlanma yetkisini de vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 26. maddesine g\u00f6re, isminin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7eki\u015fmeli olan ki\u015finin, hakk\u0131n\u0131n tespitini dava edebilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Maddenin devam\u0131nda da ad\u0131 haks\u0131z olarak kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015finin talep edebilece\u011fi di\u011fer haklar\u0131 s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hukuk ki\u015finin ismini koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131yor, korumay\u0131 tan\u0131yor ve s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015finin, sahip oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131ndan yararlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ona yetki veriyor ve imkan sunuyor. \u00d6zel Hukuk alan\u0131na dahil olan haklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu talep etmek ko\u015fuluyla elde edilir, ilgili ki\u015finin hakk\u0131n\u0131 talep etmesi gerekir dolay\u0131s\u0131yla her ne kadar zarar meydana gelse de taraflar kendi aralar\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131rlarsa\/ uzla\u015f\u0131rlarsa konu, yarg\u0131 sistemine ta\u015f\u0131nmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak ifade edilecek olunursa bir ki\u015fi, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcze zarar verirse, 5237 Say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nda 6 bunun bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu Kanun, az \u00f6nce ifade edilen eylemi tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f (m. 86) ve eyleme maruz kalan ki\u015fiye, ilgili tan\u0131madan yararlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir hak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve ona yetki vermi\u015ftir. Yaln\u0131z ifade edelim ki burada verilen hak, ki\u015finin talep etmesiyle de\u011fil, olay\u0131n tespitiyle birlikte kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. V\u00fccut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nda tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu, Kamu Hukuku\u2019nun bir dal\u0131d\u0131r ve kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu hak, ki\u015filerin talebine g\u00f6re uygulanmaz. Kamu Hukuku alan\u0131na dahil olan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bu kurala tabidir.<\/p>\n

Hukuka uygun olarak kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde zarar vermeyi, bir hem\u015firenin hastas\u0131na, onun r\u0131zas\u0131yla uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 enjeksiyon \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir. 7 Elbette, kurallara uygun olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen enjeksiyon uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131mda bizler, zarar verici bir eylem olarak nitelendirmemekteyiz. S\u00f6z konusu uygulama ve benzerleri birer istisnad\u0131r, istisna olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle hukuka uygun hale gelir, kural olarak ise hukuken yasakt\u0131r ve bu \u015fekilde ifade edilir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir \u00f6rnek; polis, kendisine veya ilgili Kanun\u2019da 8 say\u0131lan ki\u015filere, mekanlara kar\u015f\u0131 molotof, patlay\u0131c\u0131, yan\u0131c\u0131, yak\u0131c\u0131, bo\u011fucu, yaralay\u0131c\u0131 ve bunun gibi silahlarla sald\u0131ran veya buna te\u015febb\u00fcs eden ki\u015filere y\u00f6nelik olarak, sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 etkisiz k\u0131lacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde silah kullanabilir. Burada da hukuka uygun olarak, kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde zarar verme durumu s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

5326 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kabahatler Kanunu\u2019nun \u2018G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 36. maddesine g\u00f6re, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n huzur ve s\u00fckununu bozacak \u015fekilde g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye neden olan ki\u015fiye, belirli bir miktar idari para cezas\u0131 verilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 maddenin devam\u0131nda da idari para cezas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanabilecek<\/p>\n

g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye ili\u015fkin olarak di\u011fer durumlar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 9 \u0130dari yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarda ama\u00e7, kamu d\u00fczenini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Durum tespit edildi\u011finde ilgili yapt\u0131r\u0131m derhal uygulan\u0131r, talep edilmesi gerekmez. Kamu d\u00fczeninin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in idari birimlere bir yetki verilmi\u015ftir ama\u00e7, toplumun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. \u0130lgili ki\u015fiye\/ ki\u015filere s\u00f6z konusu yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 toplumun hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Hukukun temel kavramlar\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli haklardan daha sonra bahsedilecektir.<\/p>\n

Haklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bilmek, hem s\u00f6z konusu haklardan gerekti\u011finde yararlanabilme hem de s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n fark\u0131nda olma dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na zarar vermeme, haddi a\u015fmama ve sonucunda da \u00e7e\u015fitli yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara maruz kalmama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Yapt\u0131r\u0131m t\u00fcrleri \u00fczerinde ayr\u0131ca durulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

Hak kavram\u0131 yaln\u0131zca hukukun temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri de\u011fildir ayn\u0131 zamanda, toplumu d\u00fczenleyen di\u011fer kurallar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da temel olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Bir insan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekillenmesinde, d\u00fczenlemesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir etken olan dinlerden islam dinine g\u00f6re haklar temel olarak; Allah (c.c.) haklar\u0131 ve kul haklar\u0131 olarak ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kul haklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda Allah (c.c.) haklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve s\u00f6z konusu haklar\u0131n yerine getirilmesi, Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) emrine sayg\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir. 10 Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) \u2018habibim\u2019 diye kendisine hitap etti\u011fi Hz. Muhammed; Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) huzuruna, \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7 kimsenin her hangi bir hakk\u0131 olmadan ula\u015fmay\u0131 istedi\u011fini ifade ederek kul hakk\u0131 ihlallerine kar\u015f\u0131 hassasiyeti ortaya koymu\u015ftur. 11<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

\u2018Sen bunu hak ettin.\u2019 c\u00fcmlesinde oldu\u011fu gibi hak kavram\u0131, bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 hak olarak g\u00f6rme, yapt\u0131r\u0131ma lay\u0131k olma anlam\u0131nda da kullan\u0131labilmektedir ancak belirtelim ki hukuk alan\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu ibare, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yapt\u0131r\u0131mda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. Bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m hak edilebilir mi, hak olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir mi? Kanaatimizce, \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olan bu hususun \u00fczerinde biraz dural\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Hukukun tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir hakk\u0131n ihlali ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde ve s\u00f6z konusu ihlalden dolay\u0131 bir zarar meydana geldi\u011finde, di\u011fer unsurlar da mevcut ise, kural olarak ilgili zarar\u0131n sebep olan taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekir. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda durum, eski haline getirme, telafi etme konusunda hukuk sistemi taraf\u0131ndan, zarar\u0131n tam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131 hedeflenen, zarar veren ki\u015finin kendisine sunulan bir f\u0131rsatt\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde yapt\u0131r\u0131m, telafi etmeye y\u00f6nelik zarar verene sunulan bir hak olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecektir zira zarar g\u00f6ren, hakk\u0131n\u0131 kendi eliyle elde etmesi durumunda yine, s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015f\u0131labilecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla zarar verenin de menfaati s\u00f6z konudur.<\/p>\n

Bir hakk\u0131 elinde olmadan\/ istemeden ihlal eden ve sonucunda ba\u015fkas\u0131na zarar veren ancak bu zarar\u0131 telafi etmek isteyen veya kasten (bilerek ve isteyerek) zarar verici bir eylemde bulunan ve sonucunda ba\u015fkas\u0131na zarar veren ancak bundan pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu yapt\u0131r\u0131m, hak olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecektir zira bu ki\u015filerin ilgili haklardan yararlanmalar\u0131nda, manevi a\u00e7\u0131dan (vicdanen) menfaatleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bahsi edilen ki\u015filer, niyetlerinin bir g\u00f6stergesi olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri zarar verici eylemden sonra ilgili kurumlara\/ kurulu\u015flara bizzat kendileri teslim olabilirler veya zarar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla do\u011frudan ilgili ki\u015filerin yan\u0131na varabilir ve onlardan, sebep olduklar\u0131 zarar\u0131 gidermeyi talep edebilirler. Son durumda; ya\u015fanan zarar verici olayla ilgili olarak, uzla\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131rsa konu yarg\u0131 sistemine ta\u015f\u0131nmaz.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, iki taraf\u0131n da menfaatinin bulundu\u011fu haklar s\u00f6z konusu olur. Yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n hak edebilmesi i\u00e7in hukukun belirledi\u011fi di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131n da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, elbette gereklidir. Yapt\u0131r\u0131ma, yukar\u0131da ifade edilen belirli durumlarda menfaat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da (hak) bak\u0131labilece\u011fi kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Hak kavram\u0131n\u0131n bilincine eri\u015fmi\u015f bireyler, bir zarara sebep olduklar\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu telafiyi; rahatlamak, huzura ermek i\u00e7in bizzat kendileri talep edeceklerdir, vicdanlar\u0131 onlar\u0131, bunu istemeye zorlayacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte hak kavram\u0131n\u0131n temelini asl\u0131nda bu bilin\u00e7 olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bozulan dengenin yeniden sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekenin bir an \u00f6nce yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, zarara sebep olan taraf\u0131ndan istenmesidir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle de farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n fazlaca oldu\u011fu toplumlarda; bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flanabilmesi, huzur ve refah\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu bilincin hakim olmas\u0131 ve her yerde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hissettirmesi zorunludur. Hukuk sistemi yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, en uygun ve tam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde ayarlamay\u0131 hedefler, nitekim bir\u00e7ok kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde \u2018zarar\u0131 giderme\u2019 ibaresi (\u00f6rne\u011fin, T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m. 49, m. 66, m. 67, m. 69) bulunmaktad\u0131r yine, Temyiz Mahkemesi bir karar\u0131nda \u2018\u2026manevi tazminat\u0131n miktar\u0131 bir taraf i\u00e7in zenginle\u015fme arac\u0131, di\u011fer taraf i\u00e7in de y\u0131k\u0131m olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.\u2019 ifadesini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 12 Ama\u00e7, zarar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2018Ben var\u0131m, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n bir sonucu olarak benim haklar\u0131m var, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 da var dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu nedenle onlar\u0131n da haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Benim haklar\u0131m ba\u015fkalar\u0131na baz\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler y\u00fckleyebilir, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131 da bana baz\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler y\u00fckleyebilir. Bir denge s\u00f6z konusudur. Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerimi gere\u011fi gibi yerine getirmezsem bunu telafi etmeliyim, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 bunu yapmazsa gere\u011fini yapmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u2019<\/p>\n

Bir arada dost\u00e7a ve bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015famak i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu fark\u0131ndal\u0131k; her bireyde, bireyin ilk olarak yeti\u015fti\u011fi her ailede, bireyin geli\u015fiminde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ortam olan her okulda, idari\/ \u00f6zel kurum ve kurulu\u015flarda, hastanede, pazarda, sokakta, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131da, hapishanede, i\u015fverende, i\u015f\u00e7ide\/ \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanda, karakolda, adliyede, bankada, stadyumda, eczanede, denizde, havada, karada \u00f6zetle, her yerde olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hak kavram\u0131 bilinci her ortamda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissettirmelidir. Bu bilince sahip olmak i\u00e7in hepimiz \u00fczerimize d\u00fc\u015feni yapmak zorunday\u0131z. Aksi halde maalesef bir g\u00fcn, ya zarar veren ya da zarar g\u00f6ren konumunda olaca\u011f\u0131z ve sonu\u00e7ta bundan her iki taraf da zarar g\u00f6recek, topluma da olumsuz olarak yans\u0131yacakt\u0131r zira toplumun yap\u0131ta\u015f\u0131 bireydir birey, toplum i\u00e7inde var olur. Buna ili\u015fkin olarak \u00f6nerilerimizi ileride payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Ebeveynin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131m, e\u011fitim ve destek olma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu m. 233, 1), e\u015flerin birlikte ya\u015fama, birbirlerine sad\u0131k kalma ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma (T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu m. 185) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, bir sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde taraflardan birinin borcunu gere\u011fi gibi ifa etmesi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m. 112), ortak kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na f\u00fctursuzca t\u00fck\u00fcrmeme veya \u00e7\u00f6pleri ilgili alan yerine yine ortak kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na atmama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Kabahatler Kanunu m. 41), trafikte k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k yand\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde durma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Karayollar\u0131 Trafik Kanunu m. 47 13 ), i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccretini i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan zaman\u0131nda (\u0130\u015f Kanunu m. 34 14 ) \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n mal\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine uygun olarak t\u00fcketiciye teslim etme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (T\u00fcketicinin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun m. 9 15), \u00e7evreyi geli\u015ftirme, \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve \u00e7evre kirlenmesini \u00f6nleme (T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131 m. 56 16) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri her zaman bir hakk\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r, hakk\u0131n iadesidir. Her hak beraberinde bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\/ y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri de getirir. 17<\/p>\n

Hak sahipleri haklar\u0131n\u0131 elde ettik\u00e7e mevcut denge korunacak veya bozulan denge yeniden sa\u011flanacak, vicdanlar rahatlayacak ve ma\u011fdur olanlar\u0131n y\u00fckleri hafifleyecektir. Aksi halde<\/p>\n

herkes hakk\u0131n\u0131, kendi eliyle elde etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak, bunu yaparken de \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcy\u00fc ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015fabilecek, kar\u015f\u0131 taraf da a\u015f\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek isteyecek ve \u00f6\u00e7 alma istemiyle sonu gelmeyen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 devam edecektir b\u00f6ylelikle, g\u00fcvensizlik ortam\u0131 i\u00e7inde toplumda yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde \u015fiddet ba\u015f g\u00f6sterecektir. Hukuk sistemi bunun \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in vard\u0131r dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hukuk sistemindeki aksakl\u0131klar, sorunlar da ayn\u0131 sonucu do\u011furacakt\u0131r. Bu konu \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde durulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak belirtelim ki hukuk sistemi, yaln\u0131zca uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k durumlar\u0131nda (yarg\u0131\/ dava s\u00fcrecinde) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermez, \u2018Hukuk Kavram\u0131\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da belirtilece\u011fi gibi \u00e7ok daha evvelinden, en ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan itibaren vard\u0131r. As\u0131l olan ise s\u00f6z konusu evvelin sosyal ya\u015fama yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n gereklili\u011fi, dahas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fudur, buna y\u00f6nelik olarak \u00f6nerilerimizi payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A 1. \u2018G\u00fcncel T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019, https:\/\/sozluk.gov.tr\/ (05.02.2023).<\/p>\n

2. \u2018Vikis\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019, https:\/\/tr.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Hak_do%C4%9Frunun_yard%C4%B1mc%C4%B1s%C4%B1d%C4%B1r#:~:text=%5B1%5D%20%22Tanr%C4%B1%2Cdo%C4%9Fru,ba%C5%9Far%C4%B1ya%20ula%C5%9Facaklard%C4%B1r%22%20anlam%C4%B1nda%20bir%20s%C3%B6z. (10.02.23).<\/p>\n

3. M. Kemal O\u011fuzman, Nami Barlas, Medeni Hukuk, 23. Bas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2017, s. 139.<\/p>\n

4. \u2018Hayvan Haklar\u0131\u2019, https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hayvan_haklar%C4%B1#:~:text=Hayvan%20haklar%C4%B1%2C%20insan%20harici%20hayvanlar%C4%B1n,gibi%20korunmas%C4%B1%20gerekti%C4%9Fini%20savunan%20fikirdir. (05.03.23); Filiz K\u0131ro\u011flu, \u2018T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Hayvanlara Y\u00f6nelik \u015eiddetin Hayvan Haklar\u0131 Koruma Kanunu Kapsam\u0131nda De\u011ferlendirilmesi\u2019, Meyad Akademi, 2(2), 2021, s. 172.<\/p>\n

5. Saibe Oktay \u2013 \u00d6zdemir, G\u00fcl\u00e7in El\u00e7in \u2013 Grassinger, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu & Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu, 5. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2017, s. 14.<\/p>\n

6. Mehmet Emin Artuk, Ahmet G\u00f6k\u00e7en, Gerek\u00e7eli Ceza Kanunlar\u0131, 17. Bask\u0131, Ankara, 2016, s. 111, 112.<\/p>\n

7. Hem\u015firelik Kanunu, 1954.<\/p>\n

8. Polis Vazife ve Salahiyet Kanunu, 1934.<\/p>\n

9. Kabahatler Kanunu, 2005. 10. \u2018Kul Hakk\u0131\u2019, https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/kul-hakki (20.03.23).<\/p>\n

11. Mehmet \u00c7imen, \u2018Hadislerde Kul Hakk\u0131 \u0130hlalleri (Mezalim) ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Yollar\u0131\u2019, Bart\u0131n \u00dcniversitesi \u0130slami \u0130limler Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, 15, 2021, s. 65, 66.<\/p>\n

12. Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu Karar\u0131, 23.06.2004, E. 13 \u2013 291, K. 370.<\/p>\n

13. Karayollar\u0131 Trafik Kanunu, 1983.<\/p>\n

14. \u0130\u015f Kanunu, 2003.<\/p>\n

15. T\u00fcketicinin Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun, 2013.<\/p>\n

16. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131, 1982.<\/p>\n

17. Fikret Eren, Bor\u00e7lar Hukuku Genel H\u00fck\u00fcmler, 24. Bask\u0131, Ankara, 2019, s. 27.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzm. Hem\u015fire Mehtap Tekin\u00a0 \u00a0\/\u00a0 \u00a0AVRUPAPRESS<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uzm. Hem\u015fire Mehtap Tekin Dahili ve Acil Bilimler Hem\u015fireli\u011fi, \u0130stanbul Medipol \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Anabilim Dal\u0131, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi   Ankara Escort Eryaman Escort Kayseri Escort \u00c7ankaya Escort K\u0131z\u0131lay Escort Hak Kavram\u0131 T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumunun G\u00fcncel T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019\u00fcne g\u00f6re hak kelimesinin anlam\u0131 \u2018adalet\u2019, \u2018davada veya iddiada ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluk, do\u011fruluk\u2019, \u2018verilmi\u015f emekten […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":22289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,16,3,17,18,15,19,2,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avrupa","category-belcika","category-dunya","category-ekonomi","category-kultur-sanat","category-spor","category-tanitim","category-turkiye","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nHUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uzm. Hem\u015fire Mehtap Tekin Dahili ve Acil Bilimler Hem\u015fireli\u011fi, \u0130stanbul Medipol \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Anabilim Dal\u0131, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi   Ankara Escort Eryaman Escort Kayseri Escort \u00c7ankaya Escort K\u0131z\u0131lay Escort Hak Kavram\u0131 T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumunun G\u00fcncel T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019\u00fcne g\u00f6re hak kelimesinin anlam\u0131 \u2018adalet\u2019, \u2018davada veya iddiada ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluk, do\u011fruluk\u2019, \u2018verilmi\u015f emekten […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AvrupaPress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"702\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"355\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Edit\u00f6r\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Edit\u00f6r\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Edit\u00f6r\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/68428444ec60970d1e1b700cf4ca1e8f\"},\"headline\":\"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR – 1\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\"},\"wordCount\":2992,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Avrupa\",\"Bel\u00e7ika\",\"D\u00fcnya\",\"Ekonomi\",\"K\u00fclt\u00fcr-Sanat\",\"Spor\",\"Tan\u0131t\u0131m\",\"T\u00fcrkiye\",\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\",\"name\":\"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg\",\"width\":702,\"height\":355},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR – 1\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/\",\"name\":\"AvrupaPress\",\"description\":\"Haberin Adresi\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa\",\"name\":\"Bilgin \u00d6z\u00e7ift\u00e7i\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f23b280433a21e1ea7a0adcc46ed0ad16afe3ad8e630fd13d8a017dcbd54ef3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f23b280433a21e1ea7a0adcc46ed0ad16afe3ad8e630fd13d8a017dcbd54ef3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Bilgin \u00d6z\u00e7ift\u00e7i\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\"},\"description\":\"Ne ben, nede sen... Biz ancak \\\"biz\\\" olursak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olabiliriz\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/68428444ec60970d1e1b700cf4ca1e8f\",\"name\":\"Edit\u00f6r\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-BE\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/74996b0977aa5f1559ba9883776652508b229005c0d78fb2597897f0bd651c09?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/74996b0977aa5f1559ba9883776652508b229005c0d78fb2597897f0bd651c09?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Edit\u00f6r\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.avrupapress.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/author\/editor\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress","og_description":"Uzm. Hem\u015fire Mehtap Tekin Dahili ve Acil Bilimler Hem\u015fireli\u011fi, \u0130stanbul Medipol \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Anabilim Dal\u0131, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hukuku Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi   Ankara Escort Eryaman Escort Kayseri Escort \u00c7ankaya Escort K\u0131z\u0131lay Escort Hak Kavram\u0131 T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumunun G\u00fcncel T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019\u00fcne g\u00f6re hak kelimesinin anlam\u0131 \u2018adalet\u2019, \u2018davada veya iddiada ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluk, do\u011fruluk\u2019, \u2018verilmi\u015f emekten […]","og_url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/","og_site_name":"AvrupaPress","article_published_time":"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00","og_image":[{"width":702,"height":355,"url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Edit\u00f6r","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Edit\u00f6r","Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/"},"author":{"name":"Edit\u00f6r","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/68428444ec60970d1e1b700cf4ca1e8f"},"headline":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR – 1","datePublished":"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/"},"wordCount":2992,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg","articleSection":["Avrupa","Bel\u00e7ika","D\u00fcnya","Ekonomi","K\u00fclt\u00fcr-Sanat","Spor","Tan\u0131t\u0131m","T\u00fcrkiye","Uncategorized"],"inLanguage":"fr-BE"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/","url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/","name":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR - 1 - AvrupaPress","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg","datePublished":"2023-03-26T19:29:50+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-28T15:31:55+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-BE","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-BE","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/thumbnail_tek_basina_bir_ummet2-702x336-1.jpg","width":702,"height":355},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/2023\/03\/26\/hukuk-alaninda-toplumun-farkindaligini-artirmaya-yonelik-calismalar-1\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Anasayfa","item":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"HUKUK ALANINDA TOPLUMUN FARKINDALI\u011eINI ARTIRMAYA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR – 1"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/","name":"AvrupaPress","description":"Haberin Adresi","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-BE"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/0223dca19c72c43575bf30d1a2d8f4fa","name":"Bilgin \u00d6z\u00e7ift\u00e7i","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-BE","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f23b280433a21e1ea7a0adcc46ed0ad16afe3ad8e630fd13d8a017dcbd54ef3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f23b280433a21e1ea7a0adcc46ed0ad16afe3ad8e630fd13d8a017dcbd54ef3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Bilgin \u00d6z\u00e7ift\u00e7i"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/"},"description":"Ne ben, nede sen... Biz ancak \"biz\" olursak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olabiliriz"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/68428444ec60970d1e1b700cf4ca1e8f","name":"Edit\u00f6r","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-BE","@id":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/74996b0977aa5f1559ba9883776652508b229005c0d78fb2597897f0bd651c09?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/74996b0977aa5f1559ba9883776652508b229005c0d78fb2597897f0bd651c09?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Edit\u00f6r"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.avrupapress.com"],"url":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/author\/editor\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22288"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22298,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22288\/revisions\/22298"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avrupapress.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}